What Is Ultrasonic Welding Metal

The ultrasonic welding process is well suited for welding metals. Ultrasonic metal welding is a process where an ultrasonic welding machine generates high-frequency mechanical vibrations, causing the metal surface to heat up while applying pressure. This disrupts the oxide layer on the metal surface, allowing lattice diffusion and bonding between metal atoms, thus completing the welding of non-ferrous metals. Ultrasonic metal welding typically includes core components such as an ultrasonic generator(power supply), transducer(converter), booster, and welding horn(sonotrode).

ultrasonic metal welding Demo

Advantages of Ultrasonic Welding Metal

– High Welding Quality: Ultrasonic metal welding belongs to low-temperature solid-phase welding, avoiding problems such as tissue inhomogeneity and thermal stress caused by metal phase transformation. This enables ultrasonic metal welding to maintain the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of raw materials.

– Wide Application Range: Capable of welding various non-ferrous metals and alloys such as copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, etc., and can also achieve welding of dissimilar metals (e.g., copper and aluminum). 

– Environmentally Friendly Process: No sparks, smoke, or harmful gases are generated during welding. Flux addition is unnecessary, making it eco-friendly. 

– Precise Control: HYUSONIC metal welders support six welding modes: Time, Energy, Peak Power, Absolute Distance, Relative Distance, and Ground Monitoring. Meanwhile, they feature four triggering modes: Time, Pressure, Position, and Power. With multi-dimensional threshold adjustment and a control accuracy of 0.01mm, they achieve complete high precision and controllability.

Applications of Ultrasonic Metal Welding

Ultrasonic metal welding is primarily applied in the following industries:
  1. Electronics & Electrical Appliances:
    • Welding wires, cables, terminals, contacts, and microelectronic components, such as smartphone battery connectors and internal computer circuit connections.
  2. Automotive Manufacturing:
    • Welding battery tabs, motor windings, sensor components, and automotive electronic circuits. Specifically in power battery production, it is used for welding battery electrodes, busbars, and module connectors.
  3. Aerospace:
    • Welding precision metal components in aerospace equipment, including sensors and electronic elements.
Ultrasonic welding of copper and aluminum wires
Copper and aluminum wire harness
Terminal welding
Battery tab welding

What Material Can Be Ultrasonic Welded

Ultrasonic metal welding can mainly weld non-ferrous metals such as copper (pure copper, oxygen-free copper, copper-zinc alloys, copper-tin alloys, etc.), aluminum (pure aluminum, aluminum alloys), nickel (pure nickel, nickel-based alloys), silver, gold, magnesium, zinc, etc. In addition, it can achieve reliable welding between different metals. For example:
  • Copper-aluminum: Welding of power battery tabs and heat dissipation modules (requires controlling the thickness of intermetallic compounds at the interface);
  • Aluminum-nickel: Connection of lithium battery electrode sheets and nickel strips;
  • Copper-silver: Welding of high-conductivity contacts;
  • Titanium-stainless steel: Welding of corrosion-resistant components for medical equipment.

can you ultrasonic weld metal to plastic

 Ultrasonic welding can only achieve the joining of a small portion of plastics and metals, and is only suitable for low-strength, non-critical load-bearing scenarios. This is because plastics and metals cannot form chemical bonds through atomic diffusion, and can only be connected through physical adsorption or interfacial interlocking, with strength far lower than that of welding the same material. Additionally, it is necessary to meet conditions such as thermoplastic plastics + soft metals + surface pretreatment + intermediate layer materials. For some applications, using ultrasonic riveting and embeddinga variant of ultrasonic welding), plastics and metals can be firmly joined together.

can you ultrasonic weld metal to metal

Yes. Ultrasonic welding can join different metals together, such as copper and aluminum, while still maintaining excellent electrical conductivity. For non-ferrous metal materials that need to be welded according to different application requirements, it is feasible to try welding and ensure the weldability.

Comparison with Resistance and Laser Welding

Ultrasonic welding for metal offers distinct advantages over resistance and laser welding. Unlike resistance welding, it requires no high current, reducing energy consumption and eliminating electrode wear. Compared to laser welding, ultrasonic welding is safer, generates less heat, and requires no complex optics or shielding gas. It’s ideal for joining thin, conductive, non-ferrous metals like copper and aluminum. With faster cycle times and lower operating costs, ultrasonic metal welding is especially suited for battery tabs, wire terminals, and electronics. Its solid-state nature ensures clean, reliable joints without melting or spatter.

Ultrasonic Welding Metal Video

More Principles of Ultrasonic Welding

Hyusonic Ultrasonic Metal Weder

Ultrasonic metal welding can be used for welding non-ferrous metal wire harnesses, non-ferrous metal sheets, terminal welding, and metal tube sealing.

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